Friedrich Wilhelm Frobel: 1782-1852

Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi: 1746-1827

Robert Owen: 1771-1858

Marie Montessori: 1870-1952

Pestalozzi agreed with Jean-Jacques Rousseau that children should (I've been chastised! I cannot continue typing or I'll be kicked out of my group)

#1 Beleifs

#2 What sticks out in the course of history?

#3 Current programs

This is a really good site that has information on all the important people in education

http://www.funderstanding.com/vygotsky.cfm

Luther, educate the masses, allow them to think for themselves, constructivism, student empowerment.

Comenius: wholistic concept of education, no punishment. help and encourage correct behavior. education is a lifelong process. "father of modern education" because he wrote textbooks.

John Locke: Tabula rasa, blank slate, everything is taught to them through experiences, learn for the good of society, knowledge, how to interact with the environment, learning, wisdom Enviornment- everything makes an impression on us. Defines who you are. Behaviorism- nothing to grow from- Need more structure and control Allow children ---neutral opinion

Rosseau: Could become corrupted, but are ignorant about things beyond their grasp. Control does not equeal Education. Children will naturally become curious, not restless. Every mind has its own form. Children should have their own ideas and minimized the importance of book learning. People are born good, society makes you bad. FLOWER- seed, you need the right kind of water, and you will naturally grow, you are already good Allow children to grow on there own

Sin Locke Rosseau

born bad neutral born good

How do you have an impact on children? All educational method can be traced back to these ideas.

What do you believe? All teaching practices are based on this

Which is the RIGHT WAY?

That's for us to figure out as we teach... Or not figure out at all... :)

Pestalozzi

Beliefs:

Integration of home life, back to nature, utilized home economics theory

He felt children should be free to pursue their own interests

He believed that women are entitled to equal education, equal access

education to everyone

What he is known for:

Hands on learning, activity learning

Today:

Use of manipulative materials

Start from concrete to abstract learning

Female, and equal learning children class are contributed to home today

Example, Headstart program

Owen

Beliefs:

Nurture over nature to basically care for the child with more than the essentials

By establishing and utopia environment

Good traits were installed at an early age and behavior was influenced by

environment

put a school next to a business

locke-rosseau combination, but it didn't really work

What he is know for:

Infant school, day care, starts them off young

Through education we can reform society

Today:

Headstart programs

Froebel

Kids in the Garden

Beliefs:

Father of kindergarten and followed a “curriculum.

Teacher training and methodology.

Developed a concept of “interest” learning

Teacher responsible for guidance and direction

Teacher is the designer of experiences and activities.

Encouraged creativity he did not advocate unstructured play.

Practice Guy (put it into practice)

What he is known for:

Kindergarten and curriculum concept

learning through play, in a structured way is Froebel's greatest contribution to early childhood

education curriculum.

His is known for his "gifts" and "occupations"

gifts = objects (solid form) children can handle and explore with teacher

supervision and guidance.

occupations = Materials designed to engage children in learning activities,

i.e. craft activities, drawing, paper weaving, folding paper, modeling clay,

and sewing.

goes beyond philosophy to try to implement it

Today:

Learning through play!!!!

Kindergarten concept and following a curriculum format

Teacher training

Montessori- Maria

Beliefs:

Educational solutions for special needs children

Religious undertones in education

What she is known for:

Advocacy for special needs

Learning environment suited for children (furniture, chairs, etc)

learning environment made it ppossible for the students to learn

Used toys based on Froebels

Self correcting tools to help children learn

how maleable students learn

Today:

Structured play for children, adapted materials design to enhance learning

Attention of education to special education

AS Neal

Invents a school called Summer Hill, built in the 60's, allowed to do whatever they wanted, if you put kids in a naturally wonderful environment then they will become wonderful and develop, didn't work

JOHN DEWEY

Beliefs:

• Education must engage with and enlarge experience has continued to be a significant strand in informal education practice.

• Exploration of thinking and reflection.

• Concern with interaction and environments for learning provides continuing framework for practice.

• Education so that all may share in a common life.

• Educational progressivism: Education must be based on the fact that humans are social animals who learn best in real-life activities with other people.

o Dewey’s Model of Learning

ß Become aware of the problem.

ß Define the problem.

ß Propose hypotheses to solve it.

ß Test the consequences of the hypotheses from one’s past experience.

ß Test the most likely solution.

•

Known For:

• Educational progressivism.

• Model of Learning that looks similar to scientific method.

Current Programs:

• Global education and availability of education.

• Student journals and critical thinking exercises.

• Learn by living, not learning to live. (currently learning to live, but we need to go in the opposite way) education needs to be as much about life as it is about preparing them for life

Piaget

http://www.psy.pdx.edu/PsiCafe/Overheads/4StagesCogDev.htm

http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/piaget.htmlŒ

Natural Sceintist

Four developmental theories- different levels of cogntive development

saw that some children could do things that others couldn't

first: 1-2 year olds: sensory motor experience, don't understand much beyond themselves, slowly understand symbolic stuff

second: 2-7:

third: 7-12: more problem solving, systematic steps

12 years old: more hypotheses, abstract thinking

***mountain study*** perspectives and understanding someone else's perspective

Gentic epistemology?

Schemas-apply what they already know to other stuff

developmentally appropriate practice

education needs to follow the stages that a child is following,

Vygotsky

Social Cognition Learning Model: Learning includes language, culture, etc.

learn and develop through social interactions; zone of proximal development: difference between child's own capacity and with assistance; scaffolding: person providing assistance doesn't tell them answers, more so there for support. learning on their own SOCIAL LEARNING don't tell students the answers, help them find the answer

Howard Gardner

8 intelligents smart in many different ways look at those different ways in the classroom